Dr. Andreas Azas

Haemorrhoids are dilated vessels of the haemorrhoidal plexus in the area of anus. Internal haemorrhoids typically manifest with bleeding after defecation; blood is noted on toilet tissue and sometimes in the toilet bowl. Internal haemorrhoids may be uncomfortable but are not as painful as thrombosed external haemorrhoids. Internal haemorrhoids sometimes cause mucus discharge and a sensation of incomplete evacuation. External haemorrhoids may become thrombosed, resulting in a painful, purplish swelling. Rarely, they ulcerate and cause minor bleeding. Cleansing the anal region may be difficult.

Symptoms include irritation and bleeding. Thrombosed haemorrhoids are usually painful. Diagnosis is by inspection or anoscopy.